So what you want us to believe is that Peter did not think the deity of Jesus was worth mentioning and proving to Jews who believed the Tanak where they are told God is not a man or the son of man and that Yehovah the only true God is their Father, which is what Jesus maintained throughout His time of this earth?
Put Philippians 2:6-7 in its full context and you will learn that Paul is teaching that Christians should humble themselves like Jesus did. In order to humble ourselves to become the servants of God as the Lord did we must empty ourselves of our pride and self-determination.
Your appeal to Hebrews 1:2 is just another example of taking Scripture out of context as well as translating Koine Greek in an attempt to establish the Trinity. The Greek word translated "universe" or "world" in this verse actually means "age". Also when you put verse 2 in context the author of Hebrews is teaching that in this current "age" God has spoken to us through His Son and then goes on to tell his readers that Jesus is the exact representation (not that Jesus is identical) of God.
There are more Scriptures that disprove your thesis (which can only be supported by taking Scripture out of context) that Jesus is a man like you and me. Jesus preexisted God's creation only in the mind of the Father as the Father's ultimate plan for the redemption of mankind.