1) The story of the Palm Tree
Quran: [19:22-26]
Earlyer(st) source(s) of the story: The Pseudo Gospel of Matthew
Earlyest Date of the story:5th Century AD
Excerpt: Chapter 20 "And it came to pass on the third day of their journey, while they were walking, that the blessed Mary was fatigued by the excessive heat of the sun in the desert; and seeing a palm tree, she said to Joseph: Let me rest a little under the shade of this tree. Joseph therefore made haste, and led her to the palm, and made her come down from her beast. And as the blessed Mary was sitting there, she looked up to the foliage of the palm, and saw it full of fruit, and said to Joseph: I wish it were possible to get some of the fruit of this palm. And Joseph said to her: I wonder that thou sayest this, when thou seest how high the palm tree is; and that thou thinkest of eating of its fruit. I am thinking more of the want of water, because the skins are now empty, and we have none wherewith to refresh ourselves and our cattle. Then the child Jesus, with a joyful countenance, reposing in the bosom of His mother, said to the palm: O tree, bend thy branches, and refresh my mother with thy fruit. And immediately at these words the palm bent its top down to the very feet of the blessed Mary; and they gathered from it fruit, with which they were all refreshed. And after they had gathered all its fruit, it remained bent down, waiting the order to rise from Him who had commanded it to stoop. Then Jesus said to it: Raise thyself, O palm tree, and be strong, and be the companion of my trees, which are in the paradise of my Father; and open from thy roots a vein of water which has been hid in the earth, and let the waters flow, so that we may be satisfied from thee. And it rose up immediately, and at its root there began to come forth a spring of water exceedingly clear and cool and sparkling. And when they saw the spring of water, they rejoiced with great joy, and were satisfied, themselves and all their cattle and their beasts. Wherefore they gave thanks to God. " -- The Pseudo Gospel of Matthew
2) Jesus making clay pigeons
Quran: [3]
Earlyer(st) source(s) of the story: History of Nativity, First Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ and Thomas’ Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ, Arabic Infancy Gospel
Earlyest Date of the story: 2th Century AD (M. R. James in "The Apocryphal New Testament", pub. by Oxford, p 38 regarding "The Protevangelium of James")
Excerpt: "46. Again, on another day, the Lord Jesus was with the boys at a stream of water, and they had again made little fish-ponds. And the Lord Jesus had made twelve sparrows, and had arranged them round His fish-pond, three on each side. And it was the Sabbath-day. Wherefore a Jew, the son of Hanan, coming up, and seeing them thus engaged, said in anger and great indignation: Do you make figures of clay on the Sabbath-day? And he ran quickly, and destroyed their fish-ponds. But when the Lord Jesus clapped His hands over the sparrows which He had made, they flew away chirping. Then the son of Hanan came up to the fish-pond of Jesus also, and kicked it with his shoes, and the water of it vanished away. And the Lord Jesus said to him: As that water has vanished away, so thy life shall likewise vanish away. And immediately that boy dried up." -- First Gospel in the infancy of Jesus Christ
3) Jesus speaking from the cradle
Quran:[19:29-33]
Earlyer(st) source(s) of the story: History of Nativity, First Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ and Thomas’ Gospel of the Infancy of Jesus Christ, Arabic Infancy Gospel
Earlyest Date of the story: 2th Century AD (M. R. James in "The Apocryphal New Testament", pub. by Oxford, p 38 regarding "The Protevangelium of James")
Excerpt: "We find (1) what follows in the book of Joseph the high priest, who lived in the time of Christ. Some say that he is Caiaphas. (2) He has said that Jesus spoke, and, indeed, when he was lying in His cradle said to Mary His mother: I am Jesus, the Son of God, the Logos, whom thou hast brought forth, as the Angel Gabriel announced to thee; and my Father has sent me for the salvation of the world." -- The First Gospel in the Infancy of Jesus Christ
4) The raven showing Cain how to hide his brother's body
Quran: [5:30-32]
Earlyer(st) source(s) of the story: Targum of Jonathan-ben-Uzziah and the Pirke-Rabbi Eleazar
Earlyest Date of the story: 150-200 AD
Excerpt: In the book Pirke Rabbi Eleazer we find the Source of the burying of Abel as described in the Koran, there being no difference excepting that the raven indicates the mode to Adam instead of to Cain, as follows:- "Adam and Eve, sitting by the corpse, wept not knowing what to do, for they had as yet no knowledge of burial. A raven coming up, took the dead body of its fellow, and having scratched up the earth, buried it thus before their eyes. Adam said, Let us follow the example of the raven, and so taking up Abel's body buried it at once." -- Pirke Rabbi Eleazer
5) Abraham breaking the idols
Quran: [21:51-71]
Earlyer(st) source(s) of the story: Midrash Rabbah
Earlyest Date of the story: 2nd Century AD
Excerpt: “Terah was an idolater : once he went away and left Abraham to sell the idols. Whenever a buyer came, Abraham asked of his age. If he replied, I am fifty, or sixty who desires to worship the work of a day.” so that buyer went away ashamed. Once a woman came, with a dish of wheat and said, `Here, put this before them; but Abraham took a stick and beat down all the idols, and put the stick into the hands of the largest idol. When his father returned, he said, `Who has done this!’ On which Abraham replied, `Why should I deny?" -- Midrash Rabbah paragraph 38