John, the Companion of Jesus Christ
εγω ιωαννης ο και αδελφος υμων και συγκοινωνος εν τη θλιψει και εν τη βασιλεια και υπομονη ιησου χριστου εγενομην εν τη νησω τη καλουμενη πατμω δια τον λογον του θεου και δια την μαρτυριαν ιησου χριστου
egw iwannhs o adelfos umwn kai sugkoinwnos en th qliyei kai basileia kai upomonh en ihsou egenomhn en th nhsw th kaloumenh patmw dia ton logon tou qeou kai thn marturian ihsou
Rev 1.9 I, even your brother John, and companion in the affliction, and in the kingdom and patience of Jesus Christ, came to be in the island being called Patmos because of the Word of God, and because of the witness of Jesus Christ.
και οτε ειδον αυτον επεσα προς τους ποδας αυτου ως νεκρος και επεθηκεν την δεξιαν αυτου χειρα επ εμε λεγων μοι μη φοβου εγω ειμι ο πρωτος και ο εσχατος
kai ote eidon auton epesa pros tous podas autou ws nekros kai eqhken thn dexian autou ep eme legwn mh fobou egw eimi o prwtos kai o escatos
Rev 1.17 And when I saw Him, I fell at His feet, as dead. And He put His right hand on me, saying to me, Do not fear. I am the First and the Last,
Compare to 53.2…
مَا ضَلَّ صَاحِبُكُمْ وَمَا غَوَى
Ma dalla sahibukum wama ghawa
53.2 Your companion did not perish, and he did not err.
مَا = “ma”
“ma” definition:
Conjunctive pronoun. That; which; that which; whatsoever; what; as; as much; in such a manner as; as much as; as for as; any kind; when; how. Does not, as a rule, refer to reasonable things, but instances to the contrary sometimes occur. It is one of those particles, which, in conditional propositions, govern the verb in the conditional mood; it is frequently a mere expletive. It is also a negative adverb, Not; in general it denies a circumstance either present, or of past, but little remote from the present; it governs the attribute in the accusative, thus it is a negative particle when placed before the perfect as in 53.2; or before a pronoun as in 68.2; or before an demonstrative noun as in 12.31. The particle, when joined to the perfect, denies the past; when joined to the imperfect, the present.
References:
An Arabic-English Lexicon, E.W. Lane, volume eight, p. 3016
A Grammar of the Arabic Language, W. Wright, Third edition, volume 2, p. 300
The Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an, 1st edition, Abdul Mannan Omar, pp. 523 - 524
A Dictionary and Glossary of the Koran, John Penrice, pp. 135 - 136
ضَلَّ = “dalla”
“dalla” definition:
Perfect tense, 3rd person, masculine singular, assimilation. A lost state; a state of perishing, coming to naught, or passing away; he lost the right way, deviated from true guidance, went astray. It comes from the root “dzalla”, which means I erred, strayed, or went astray; deviated from the right way or course, or from that which was right; missed, or lost, the right way; or lost my way; to lose one’s way, go astray, fail, disappear, err, wonder from, forget, waste, deviate, be misled from the right path, go from the thoughts, wander away, lurch. Adjudge to be erring. He (a man), died and became dust and bones.
References:
An Arabic-English Lexicon, E.W. Lane, volume five, pp. 1796 - 1799
The Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an, 1st edition, Abdul Mannan Omar pp. 333 - 334
Concordance of the Koran, Gustav Flugel, p. 113
Occurrences of “dalla” & “wadalla” in the Koran: 26
Locations: 2.108, 4.116, 4.136, 5.12, 5.105, 6.24, 6.94, 7.53, 10.30, 10.108, 11.21, 16.87, 16.125, 17.15, 17.67, 18.104, 27.92, 28.75, 33.36, 37.71, 39.41, 41.48, 53.2, 53.30, 60.1, 68.7
صَاحِبُ = “sahibu”
“sahibu” definition:
Masculine singular. A companion, an associate, a comrade, a fellow, or a friend; a fellow traveler: an accomplice; an accompanier, or attendant, as applied to a thing: and a lord, or master; a possessor, an owner, an occupant, a haver, or a proprietor; of anything; person showing any kind of link; associate; possessor of any quality or thing; one in an intimate relation with anything; fellow and showing any type of connection or link; helper. It comes from the root “sahiba”, which means he associated, kept company, or consorted with him; he accompanied him; he was, or became, his companion, associate, comrade, fellow, friend, or fellow traveler; to company, associate, be the friend of or companion to.
References:
An Arabic-English Lexicon, E.W. Lane, volume four, pp. 1652 - 1653
The Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an, 1st edition, Abdul Mannan Omar p. 307
Concordance of the Koran, Gustav Flugel, pp. 106 - 107
كُم = “kum”
“kum” definition:
Affixed masculine and possessive pronoun of the second person plural. You; your.
References:
The Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an, 1st edition, Abdul Mannan Omar p. 496
A Dictionary and Glossary of the Koran, John Penrice, p. 127
صَاحِبُكُم = “sahibu” + “kum” = “sahibukum” = your companion
Occurrences of “sahibukum” in the Koran: 2
Locations: 53.2, 81.22
غَوَى = “ghawa”
“ghawa” definition:
Perfect tense, 3rd person, masculine singular. Erring; deviating from the right way or course, or from that which is right: and suffering disappointment; or failing of attaining his desire; he became miserable. He erred; deviated from the right way or course, or from that which was right; and was disappointed; or failed of attaining his desire; and he labored and persisted in that which was vain, or false, or in ignorant conduct; or he acted ignorantly from disbelief, to err, deviate from the right path, go astray, wander, allure to evil, seduce, mislead, be seduced, misled, disappointed.
References:
An Arabic-English Lexicon, E.W. Lane, volume six, pp. 2304 – 2305
The Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an, 1st edition, Abdul Mannan Omar p. 412
Concordance of the Koran, Gustav Flugel, p. 139
Occurrences of “ghawa” in the Koran: 1
Location: 53.2
Summary of 53.2:
• John, when speaking of himself, uses the genitive case personal pronoun “humon”, or your, in conjunction with “sugkoinonos”, or companion, of Jesus Christ
• John is “your companion”
• John is the companion of Jesus Christ
• When John sees Jesus, he falls at His feet, as though “nekros”, or dead
• 53.2 specifically mentions “sahibukum”, or your companion (i.e. John); identical to Revelation
• “Sahibukum” occurs twice in the Koran, in sura 81 & in sura 53 (sura 81 near the end & sura 53 at the beginning); in both cases it is directly referencing the author of Revelation, John – which is unmistakable by the material contained within both suras
• Just as “sahibukum”, in 81.22, is preceded by a description of Jesus’ deity; so it is with 53.2 – which is preceded by a description of Jesus’ deity via “waalnnajmi” which is swearing by the deity attribute constituting the group of Stars that Jesus holds in His right hand
• 53.2 is specifically telling us of “sahibukum”, (i.e. your companion, John), as it relates to Jesus’ deity as announced in 53.1 – hence the usage of the masculine personal pronoun “kum”, or “your” – affirming that Jesus was referred to in 53.1
• 53.2 ties to 53.1 via the conjunctive pronoun “ma” and serves as a negative when placed before the perfect tenses
• 53.2 contains two negatives “ma”, that both occur in relation to “sahibukum” (i.e. Jesus’ companion, John); each juxtaposed before words in the perfect (completed action) tense – thus denying two events
• The first event that is denied pertains to “dalla”, or “a state of perishing, or passing away”, from the root “dzalla”, which means “he (a man), died and became dust and bones”
• 53.2, in conjunction with 53.1, is denying that Jesus’ companion, John, died when he fell down at the feet of Jesus
• John did not die when he fell at the feet of Jesus
• Thus, the first negative event described in 53.2 is identical to what is stated in Revelation
• The second event that is denied, in 53.2, also pertains to “sahibukum”, and states “ghawa”, that he (i.e. John) did not err.
• Thus, we have yet another Koranic affirmation that John’s Revelation of Jesus being God Almighty is indeed correct and true