Yet Muhammad did not confuse the contentiousness of clan relations in the oasis with the religious message of Judaism. Passages in the Qur'an that warn Muslims not to make pacts with the Jews of Arabia emerge from these specific wartime situations. A larger spirit of respect, acceptance, and comradeship prevailed, as recorded in a late chapter of the Qur'an:
We sent down the Torah, in which there is guidance and light, by which the Prophets who surrendered to God's will provided judgments for the Jewish people. Also, the rabbis and doctors of the Law (did likewise), according to that portion of God's Book with which they were entrusted, and they became witnesses to it as wellโฆ. Whoever does not judge by what God has sent down (including the Torah), they are indeed unbelievers. (5:44)
Some individual Medinan Jews, including at least one rabbi, became Muslims. But generally, the Jews of Medina remained true to their faith. Theologically, they could not accept Muhammad as a messenger of God, since, in keeping with Jewish belief, they were waiting for a prophet to emerge from among their own people.
The exiled Banu Nadir and the Banu Qaynuqa removed to the prosperous northern oasis of Khaybar, and later pledged political loyalty to Muhammad. Other Jewish clans honored the pact they had signed and continued to live in peace in Medina long after it became the Muslim capital of Arabia.
http://www.pbs.org/muhammad/ma_jews.shtml
The tension that exists today between Muslims and Jews is not an entirely modern phenomenon. Muhammad came into conflict with the Jewish tribes of his time, and this conflict ended in tragedy. Throughout the history of Islam Muhammad's anti-Jewish sentiments, preserved in the Qur'an and Hadith, have affected relations between Muslims and Jews. Today anti-Semitism reverberates throughout the Muslim world with an intensity not seen since the time of Hitler. Muhammad's own teachings are often used to justify it.
Apologists for Islam traditionally blame the Jews for their troubled relations with Muhammad, accusing the Jews of colluding with Muhammad's enemies. The truth is hardly that simple. Even the early Arabic sources, clearly biased in favor of Muhammad, tell a story that puts Muhammad's actions in question. We will look at these sources to understand the roots of this Muslim-Jewish tension.
http://www.peacewithrealism.org/jihad/jihad06.htm
The second question we ask is whether Muhammad was a prophet to the Jews? In Medina were a number of Jewish groups called the Kahinan. They were the wealthiest inhabitants of Medina, and lived in fortified forts surrounding the city. There were three principle tribes living in Medina (according to Muslim Tradition): the Kaynuka, the al-Nadir, and the Kurayza. They all had good relations with the Jews of the north (especially in Khaybar).
During his first year in Medina Muhammad devoted considerable attention to the Jewish inhabitants there, describing himself as their prophet, who could be placed in the long line of prophets.
To appease them, he adopted many of their religious observances. Some of these were: 1) keeping the 10th of Muharram as a fast day, much like the Yom Kippur fast, 2) performing the 3-daily prayer rituals (versus the two Salats kept by Muhammad before the Hijra, while still in Mecca), 3) the weekly community worship services in the early afternoons on Fridays (following the Jewish Sabbath day of preparation). Note: this also made common-sense since Friday was the market day, the day when the largest number of people would have been in Medina. And finally, 4) Muhammad also adopted the north-facing Qibla, the practice of facing Jerusalem when praying.
It soon became clear, however, that the Jews in Medina were not going to accept Muhammad's claim to prophethood. These were for a number of reasons, which we can find in Sura 17:90-93. The Jews would not accept an Arabic speaking prophet. They had never accepted Jesus as a prophet, and he was an Aramaic speaking Jew! So why should they change now? Their principle requests, as we can derive from Sura 17, was that Muhammad present them with a few "superfluous" miracles.
http://debate.org.uk/topics/coolcalm/muha_jews.html
Muhammad Married His Daughter-in-law
We read in Sura al-Ahzab 33:37,
"When thou saidst to him whom God has blessed and thou hadst favoured, 'Keep thy wife to thyself; and fear God', and thou wast concealing within thyself what God should reveal, fearing other men; and God has better right for thee to fear Him. So when Zaid had accomplished what he would of her, then We gave her in marriage to thee, so that there should not be any fault in the believers, touching the wives of their adopted son, when they had accomplished what they would of them; and God's commandment must be performed."
ููุฅูุฐู ุชูููููู ูููููุฐูู ุฃูููุนูู
ู ุงูููููู ุนููููููู ููุฃูููุนูู
ูุชู ุนููููููู ุฃูู
ูุณููู ุนููููููู ุฒูููุฌููู ููุงุชูููู ุงูููููู ููุชูุฎูููู ููู ููููุณููู ู
ูุง ุงูููููู ู
ูุจูุฏูููู ููุชูุฎูุดูู ุงููููุงุณู ููุงูููููู ุฃูุญูููู ุฃูู ุชูุฎูุดูุงูู ููููู
ููุง ููุถูู ุฒูููุฏู ู
ููููููุง ููุทูุฑูุง ุฒููููุฌูููุงููููุง ูููููู ููุง ููููููู ุนูููู ุงููู
ูุคูู
ูููููู ุญูุฑูุฌู ููู ุฃูุฒูููุงุฌู ุฃูุฏูุนูููุงุฆูููู
ู ุฅูุฐูุง ููุถูููุง ู
ูููููููู ููุทูุฑูุง ููููุงูู ุฃูู
ูุฑู ุงูููููู ู
ูููุนููููุง
Most expositors agree that this verse speaks of Zainab, Zaid's wife, whom Muhammad saw dressed in a chemise with a veil over her face when he went to Zaid one day on certain business. She was fair, and her physical appearance was perfect among the women of the Quraish, so that he was bewitched by her beauty. Then he said, "Praise be to him, who changes hearts!" and left. When Zaid arrived home, she told him, and he looked into the matter diligently. He came to Muhammad and said, "I want to leave my wife." Muhammad said to him, "What is the matter with her? Did she do anything to make you suspicious of her?" Zaid said, "No by God. All I saw in her was good. But she treats me as inferior on account of her nobility, and hurts me with her tongue [i.e., with what she says]." So God himself who gave me in marriage, and fear God" [that is, "Do not leave her"].