Sura 112:1-4 states
Say: He is God, the One and Only
God, the Eternal, Absolute,
He begets not, nor is He begotten
And there is none like unto Him
Now.. often Muslims tell us this is a repudiation of the Christian doctrine of the Son of God, but actually, historically it is directed against polytheistic Arabs and their belief in God's sons and daughters. Others, like Razi, also include in it Arabs who take Angels to be God's daughters (Sura 17:40, 37:150, 43:19 and 53:27), to Jews who believe that Ezra was God's son ad Christians, who believe that Christ is God's Son. (Sura 9:30)
Now.. Muslims know that there are two ways of looking at Jesus as the Son of God.. either as the Son of God in the real sense, (haqiqatan) and the sense that God honoured Jesus by taking Him as His Son. just as he took Abraham to be his friend.
Interestingly, this second way of looking at it, is a Christian heresy.
Now, the understanding that Jesus cannot be the Son of God in the real sense has been rejected by Muslims on the ground that it is not rational. God does not beget as He is not a plural substance, or made up of parts, or divisable into portions.
Now, to accept that God has a self existing Son, means to accept that
1. One part must come off the Father, before it can be made in his likeness, in order to produce a son.
(but as God is one single substance ...fand mutlaq He cannot have a son.
2. A Son, necessarily has to have the same identity which the corresponding defining character as his father.
(and as God is "The Necessary Being by his essence" according to Islam, this would be impossible for God and His Son if He had one)
3. If their is a Son, there must be a mother and a father of the same kind, and there would therefore need to be another with the same nature as His.
Now.. let's see how this all relates to the Christian doctrine of the Triune Godhead
God's essence to the Christian is one, single and undivided God.. however it is the Father, and not the divine essence which generates the Son.
Jesus being the Son of God, does mean that God has a partner or that He needs to have a son. The Father begets the Son, not by an act of will, nor out of necessity, but out of nature. The Everlasting God, is, has always been, and will forever be, one God, who is Father, and Son and Holy Spirit."
Jesus's generation has nothing to do with his conception in Mary's womb.. if anything, that is why He was called the Son of Man. His generation by the Father is eternal, without beginning, always and without end., the Father begets, the Son is born and the Spirit proceeds.
In other words, if we try and understand the concept of Father, Son and Holy Spirit in human terms we cannot.. as our human nature is not unique, it is reproduced every time a new human being is born. The Qur'an states that God begets not, neither is He Begotten and all Christians will agree that when this means that God is the eternal God and he derives His existance from no-one but Himself. Jesus as the Son of God.. was not begotten in the sense humans beget other humans.. He WAS, IS and ALWAYS will be One in essence GOD.
Now.. to finally answer your question... show you proof from the Bible.. let's see how we go in the next post.