In what languages were the scrolls written ?
The majority of the scrolls were written in the Hebrew Language (approximately 90-95%) with Assyrian Block script. From this majority there are a few cases in which the scribes used Paleo-Hebrew (see for example 4QPaleoExodus). In addition to the texts found in Hebrew there were also some texts written in Aramaic and Greek.
A few manuscripts including the book of Daniel, the apocryphal book of Tobit, a fragment of a targum (translation) of the book of Job, and fragments of the book of Enoch are written in Aramaic (a language that resembles and is closely related to Hebrew), the language adopted by the Jews after seventy years of exile in Babylon.
Figure 2 Equipped with these writing utensils, the scribes used the square Hebrew script or Aramaic script in most of the scrolls [see Figure 2]. This script is so similar to modern day Hebrew, that educated Jews today could read the Scrolls. However, some special considerations about the script must be noted. 1) It is written from right to left and it is read, to this day, the same way. 2) The script on the Scrolls does not use any type of punctuation or capitalization. The punctuation is implied by the structure of the language. ...
Image Courtesy of Dead Sea Scrolls
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